Latinida linguo: Diferi inter la revizi

Kontenajo efacita Kontenajo adjuntita
Katxis (diskutez | kontributadi)
Katxis (diskutez | kontributadi)
Lineo 140:
Concomitant with the loss of cases, freedom of word order was greatly reduced. Classical Latin had a generally verb-final (SOV) but overall quite free word order, with a significant amount of [[scrambling (syntax)|word scrambling]] and mixing of [[left-branching]] and [[right-branching]] constructions. The Romance languages eliminated word scrambling and nearly all left-branching constructions, with most languages developing a rigid SVO, right-branching syntax. ([[Old French]], however, had a freer word order due to the two-case system still present, as well as a predominantly [[V2 word order|verb-second word order]] developed under the influence of the [[Germanic languages]].)
 
SomeUla freedomlibereso, howeverquamkan, ispermesesas alloweden inla thelokado placementdi of adjectivesadjektivi relative toa theirlia ''head noun''. In additionPluse, someula languageslingui (e.g.exemple Hispaniana, Romaniano Rumaniana) have anhavas "accusativeakuzativa prepositionprepoziciono" (RomanianRumaniana ''pe'', Hispaniana "personal ''a''") alongapud with [[''clitic doubling]]'', whichquo allowspermesas forula somelibereso freedomen inordinado ordering thedi ''arguments of a verb''.
 
TheLatinida Romancelingui languagesdevelopis developedgramatikal [[grammaticalartikkli article]]sube whereLatino Latinne had nonehavis. Articles are often introduced around the time a robust case system falls apart in order to disambiguate the remaining case markers (which are usually too ambiguous by themselves) and to serve as parsing clues that signal the presence of a noun (a function formerly served by the case endings themselves).
 
This was the pattern followed by the Romance languages: In the Romance languages that still preserved a functioning nominal case system (e.g. Romanian and Old French), only the combination of article and case ending serves to uniquely identify number and case (compare the similar situation in modern [[German language|German]]). All Romance languages have a definite article (originally developed from ''ipse'' "self" but replaced in nearly all languages by ''ille'' "that (over there)") and an indefinite article (developed from ''ūnus'' "one"). Many also have a [[partitive article]] (''dē'' "of" + definite article).